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paperPVLDB·25 Oct 20265.2
Can You Trust the Vectors in Your Vector Database? Black-Hole Attack from Embedding Space Defects
The Black-Hole Attack poisons vector databases by inserting a few vectors near the centroid of the stored embeddings. Hubness in high dimensions then pulls them into the top-k for up to 94.4% of queries.
security Retrieval-Augmented Generation vector-search data-poisoning